Monday, May 7, 2012

Running Head: ORGANIZATIONAL CULTURE


WHAT IS ORGANIZATIONAL CULTURE?

EMMANUEL A TURUKA

WESTERN MICHIGAN UNIVERSITY

Organizational culture is seen as static; When implementing change what are the most important components of culture that need to be addressed to facilitate change?
Organizational culture is made up of the values, beliefs, underlying assumptions, attitudes and behaviors shared by a group of people. Culture is the behavior that results when a group arrives at a set of generally unspoken and unwritten rules for working together. An organization’s culture is made up of all of all the life experiences each employee brings to the organization. Culture is especially influenced by the organization’s founder, executive, and other managerial staff because of their role in decision making and strategic directions. An organization’s culture develops to help it cope with its environment.
Culture is shared rituals virtual norms values and assumptions of a group every  one who has ever worked for the organization played some role in shaping its culture in most organization’s the executives ,  director play a very major role in the culture yet all staff play a role even those who feel discounted to their organization’s culture. Organizational culture comprises the normal practices and customs of a certain organization by practice I mean the beliefs held by workers and managers in the organization about the way operating ought to work while the practice and customs that have become the norm and various factors are valued either positively or negatively. As Martin (2001) argues that, “much neglected in many attempts to enlighten organizational cultures: hence fail to demonstrate success because of problems in defining measuring successful outcomes”    
Culture is deep seated and difficult to change, but leaders can influence or manage an organization’s culture. It is important to understand how deeply the roots of organizational culture go. Organizational culture is rooted in their shared tacit assumptions of the organization. Organizational culture provides members of the organization with stability, consistency and meaning. Organizational culture change is necessary to support almost all organizational change efforts; strategically, structural, or process. The problem organizational cultural change can be slow and frustrating, but the benefits can include dramatically improved organizational performance. Organizational culture has a powerful effect on the performance and long term effectiveness of organizations.
How can we change the culture through variable i.e. Changes occur through a management directive and intervention or through root metaphor whereby changes occur through natural evolution all members influence culture. The organization decided to change its culture it must understand the current culture then decide what the organizational culture should look like to support success what vision does the organization have for its future and how must the culture change to support the accomplishment of that vision. Key components are;
·         Values – basic beliefs and concepts
·         Heroes – personify cultural values
·         Rites and rituals – public performance that display and enact values
·         Cultural network – primary carrier of cultural information
Executive support in the organization must support the cultural change and in ways beyond verbal support. They must show behavioral support for the cultural change. The executive must lead the changes by changing their own behaviors. It is extremely important for executives to consistently support change. Individuals in the organization must decide to change their behavior to create the desired organizational culture.
Culture is the environment that surrounds you at work place all the time. Culture is a powerful element that shapes your work enjoyment, your work relationship and your work processes. Culture is like a personality, the personality is made up of values, beliefs, underlying assumptions, interest, experiences, upbringing and habits that create a persona’s behavior. Organizational cultures are created to maintain and transformed by people. An organizational culture is in part also created and maintained by the organization’s leadership. Productive cultural change will occur if leaders correctly analyze the organization’s existing culture, and evaluate it against the cultural attributes needed to achieve strategic objectives.
Important steps
1.  Clarify what does not seem to be working in the culture and get specific about how this element is holding the organization back.
2.  Informally and formally develop allies. It is almost impossible to have an effect in a culture by yourself involve other people
3. Formally define the business problem without defining specific issue that staff can work together to correct or improve discussions of culture become underground in reality.
Culture provide a lens through which its members interpret interact with and make sense of reality, it also help to explain patterns of behavior and thought that characterized individuals and the groups with which they are associate hence it focuses on values attitudes and beliefs of members. Organizational culture provides meanings for routine organizational events, thereby reducing the amount of cognitive processing and energy members needed to expand through the day.
Explain the potential barriers that exist to prevent change and why they are not easily overcome
Changing organizational culture is difficult but it is the best way to ensure that the organization operates more safely in the future. Culture is a complex communicative phenomenon rooted in the history of the organization's events. Culture is a changeable by management. Changing organizational culture is the toughest task, because organizational culture was formed over years of interaction between the participants in the organization it can feel like rolling rocks uphill. Organizational culture matches the style and comfort zones of the company founder cultures frequently echoes the prevailing management style. Since managers tend to hire people just like themselves the establishment organizational culture is reinforced by new hires.
Organizational culture grows over time people are comfortable with the current organizational culture. People consider culture change a significant event which rocks their world and get peoples' attention. As Tobias & Wilson (2004) argue, “in many organizations change intervention is a fear, it is like the mosquitoes in the night that swarm around the swamp of organizational power” therefore fear in many cases paralyzes initiatives, and as many scholars argued it accelerate the nakedness of accountability. If you recall the case of NASA which you brought in class; in this case placing the mission ahead of safety concerns was the first priority, however when a strong focus on the mission begins to affect safety organization should start to think about change, and how to go about the only way to change is to concentrate on organizational culture.

Therefore when an organization needs to make changes in culture, the changes must be demonstrated and practiced on a continual basis. The toughest thing about changing culture is that without someone focusing on keeping the changes permanent, the culture usually reverts back to the way it was. We should keep in our mind that always changes must be incremental and institutionalize. I for one believe strongly that here is no one right way to achieve an inclusive organizational culture change given that organizational is constantly changing. To navigate smoothly through the change process, an organization needs visible leadership, and its leaders will need ongoing coaching so they can model the necessary skills, behaviors, and attitudes effectively and with authenticity. If leaders are given the opportunity to practice and improve, the results will come.

References:
 Eisenberg, E.M.,Goodall,H.L & Trethewey A. 2007. Organizational Communication: Balancing Creativity and Constraint (5th ed). Boston: Bedford St. Martins
Martin, J. (2001). Organizational culture: Mapping the terrain. Thousand Oaks: Sage.
Tobias, L.L., & Wilson, N. 2004. The thriving person and the thriving organization. Parallels and Linkages Consulting Psychology Journal: Practice and Research Winter 2004

No comments:

Post a Comment